Why Smoking May Speed Up Women Menopause ?
Smoking can bring on the menopause a year early, experts have warned.
As well as increasing the risk of bone and heart disease, smoking could cause women's periods to stop prematurely, researchers say.
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http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2049991/Women-smoke-hit-menopause-year-earlier.html#ixzz1b2c7TGlMThe study, carried out at the University of Hong Kong, assessed data from previous studies which included around 6,000 women from the United States, Poland, Turkey and Iran.
On average non-smokers hit menopause between the ages of 46 and 51, but in all but two of the studies, smokers were shown to hit menopause between 43 and 50.
Author of the study, which was published in the journal Menopause Volodymyr Dvornyk, said: 'Our results give further evidence that smoking is significantly associated with earlier (age at menopause) and provide yet another justification for women to avoid this habit.'
Dvornyk and his colleagues also analysed five other studies that used a cut-off age of 50 or 51 to group women into 'early' and 'late' menopause.
Dvornyk outlined the health risks: 'General consensus is that earlier menopause is likely to be associated with the larger number and higher risk of postmenopausal health problems, such as osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, obesity, Alzheimer's disease, and others.'
He added, that early menopause is also thought to increase a woman's risk of death.During menopause - sometimes known as the 'change of life' - a woman's ovaries stop producing eggs, preventing pregnancy.It can cause physical and emotional symptoms, such as hot flushes, night sweats and irritability.Jennie Kline, an epidemiologist from Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health in New York outlined two theories as to why smoking might result in an earlier menopause.Kline, who was not included in the study, said that smoking might impact the way women's bodies make, or get rid of, oestrogen while some researchers believe certain components of found in cigarettes might kill eggs.Dvornyk's team did not have information on how long women had been smoking or how many cigarettes they smoked each day.For that reason, and a lack of data on other health and lifestyle factors - such as weight and alcohol intake - the team said that the analysis alone is not enough to resolve the link between smoking and menopause.
Kline added: 'There are way better reasons to stop smoking than worrying about menopause.'
Around 10 million adults - or one in five - in Britain smoke cigarettes. Over two-thirds of British smokers would like to quit.Manopause
Sometimes known as the 'change of life' and is marked by the ending of menstruation
It signals the end of egg production (ovulation) which occurs as a result of falling levels of the female sex hormone oestrogen
In the UK, the average age for a woman to reach the menopause is 52.
Many women experience both physical and emotional symptoms, such as hot flushes, night sweats and irritability
Only one in 10 women seek medical advice when they go through the menopause
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can treat several of the most common symptoms such as hot flushes. However, studies have found that it could increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
tag : smoking, danger, speed up, manopause
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